The history of the Knights Templar is comprised of events that span 200 years. It is covered in excellent books that tell the whole story from different perspectives, and I encourage you to delve deeper into this subject — well worth it. But if you want to get a very brief education in the main historic events that involve the legendary order of warrior monks, this page was put together to help. If you are also interested in numerous tales and stories that surround the ancient order, be sure to check out Legends of the Knights Templar.
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1099
Jerusalem captured during the First Crusade. Godfrey de Saint-Omer, one of the future founders of the Knights Templar order, most likely came to the Holy Land at this time. |
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c. 1119
The Order of the Knights Templar was established in Jerusalem by nine knights, including Hugues de Payens, the order’s first Grand Master. Their main stated purpose was to protect Christian pilgrims in the Holy Land. King Baldwin II (pictured) granted the knights the use of the Al Aqsa mosque on Temple Mount. |
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1129
The Knights Templar were officially recognized by Pope Honorius II at the Council of Troyes. The Latin Rule, written by Bernard de Clairvaux, was approved as guidelines for this first religious military order. |
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1139
Papal bull Omne Datum Optimum (Latin for “Every perfect gift”, James 1:17), issued by Pope Innocent II, made the Knights Templar exempt from tithes and taxes, allowing them to use the spoils of war at their own discretion. |
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1146
The Paris Temple was built, to serve as the global headquarters for the Knights Templar. |
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1187
On July 4, Saladin defeated Crusader forces at Hattin. Templar Knights captured in the battle were beheaded. On October 4, Jerusalem fell to Saladin. |
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1191
The Knights Templar established their new Outre-mer (“Overseas”) headquarters in Acre. |
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1217-21
Castle Pilgrim (Atlit) was built. |
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1229
Jerusalem was regained by crusading forces through diplomatic efforts of Frederick II. |
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1244
In Southern France, papal forces brutally suppressed the Cathars, a powerful heretical group. Jerusalem surrendered by Crusaders for the final time. |
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1291
Fall of Acre. The Syrian citadel of Tortosa and Castle Pilgrim abandoned by the Templars. |
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1302
Fall of Ruad, the last Christian stronghold in Outre-mer. |
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1307
Philip the Fair, King of France, orders massive arrests of the Knights Templar on charges of heresy, sodomy, corruption and apostasy. Torture was used to extract confessions, eventually resulting in executions. Outside of France the fate of the Knights Templar varied greatly, allowing many to escape persecutions. |
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1312
On March 22, the Order of the Knights Templar was officially dissolved in the bull Vox in Excelso, issued by Pope Clement V. The order’s possessions were transferred to the Knights Hospitaller. |
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1314
Jacques de Molay, the last Grand Master of the Knights Templar, was burned at the stake in Paris on March 18. |
This is a work in progress, a brief chronology of the Knights Templar history, mostly based on Sean Martin’s timeline. Visitors who like this page might also enjoy: History of the Knights Templar at a glance.
c.1070 Birth of Hugues de Payen; Foundation of the Hospitallers
1095 (November) Pope Urban II calls for a crusade to recapture Jerusalem
1099 (July) Jerusalem taken by the First Crusade
1104 Hugh of Champagne arrives in Outremer (possibly with Hugues de Payen)
1114 Bishop of Chartres refers to a military order called the ‘Militia of Christ’
c.1119 The Order of the Knights Templar founded (traditional date)
1120 (January) Council of Nablus:The Order of the Knights Templar recognized in the East
1127 Presumed first meeting between Hugues de Payen and St Bernard de Clairvaux
1129 (January) Council of Troyes.The Latin Rule of the Temple adopted
1130 Hugues de Payen arrives in Jerusalem with new recruits.
1131 In Praise of the New Knighthood by St Bernard de Clairvaux
1135 Earliest records of Templars’ banking activities
c.1136 Death of Hugues de Payen (possibly 1131); Hospitallers become a military order
1136–37 Templars first established in the Amanus March [click to continue…]
This list of the Grand Masters of the Knights Templar Order follows Malcolm Barber’s dates except in case of Richard de Bures, whose dates are taken from P.P. Read. I make no attempt to represent the fictitious list of Grand Masters who supposedly followed De Molay in a secret succession. The list is found in the Larmenius Charter which I believe to be fake.
Hugues de Payens |
1119-1136 |
Robert de Craon |
1136-1149 |
Everard des Barres |
1149-1152 |
Bernard de Tremeley |
1153-1153 |
Andrew de Montbard |
1154-1156 |
Bertrand de Blancfort |
1156-1159 |
Philip de Milly (Nablus) |
1169-1171 |
Odo de St Amand |
1171-1179 |
Arnold de Torroja |
1181-1184 |
Gerard de Ridefort |
1185-1189 |
Robert de Sablé |
1191-1192/3 |
Gilbert Erail |
1194-1200 |
Philip de Plessis |
1201-1209 |
William de Chartres |
1210-1218/9 |
Peter de Montaigu |
1219-1230/2 |
Armand de Périgord |
1232-1244/6 |
Richard de Bures |
1244-1247 |
William de Sonnac |
1247-1250 |
Reginald de Vichiers |
1250-1256 |
Thomas Bérard |
1256-1273 |
William de Beaujeu |
1273-1291 |
Theobald Gaudin |
1291-1292/3 |
Jacques de Molay |
1293-1314 |